According to Human Rights Watch: "The Saudi Arabia-led coalition fighting in Yemen carried out at least six apparently unlawful airstrikes in residential areas of the capital, Sanaa, in September and October 2015, killing 60 civilians. Coalition members and the United States, as a party to the conflict, are required under the laws of war to investigate such attacks, but they have not. Human Rights Watch found no evidence of any military target in an airstrike on the Old City and on al-Asbahi neighborhood in September. Airstrikes that caused civilian casualties on homes on Marib Street and in the neighborhoods of Hadda, al-Hassaba, and Thabwa hit 200 meters or more from possible military objectives. These attacks failed to distinguish civilians from military objectives or caused disproportionate civilian loss. Houthi forces in at least two of the attacks put civilians at unnecessary risk by deploying in densely populated neighborhoods.... On September 18, at 11:30 p.m., an airstrike hit Sanaa’s Old City and killed 13 civilians, including two women and seven children, and wounded at least 12. It destroyed one home and severely damaged seven others. UNESCO, the UN cultural organization, declared the Old City a World Heritage Site in 1986 because of its 6,000 houses and 100 mosques built before the 11th century. UNESCO added the Old City to its 2015 List of World Heritage in Danger. Adel al-Maswari, 19, said he was home eating dinner with 10 family members at the time of the attack. He said that he first heard a plane and then an explosion, and the room filled with dust and ash. The munition had exploded about 20 meters away and sent metal fragments through the house. Al-Maswari and his relatives ran outside, where they saw many other people and heard screaming. It was only after a few minutes that he saw that the home of his neighbor Hafth Allah al-Aini had been hit and the building was in ruins. All 10 immediate members of the al-Aini family, ages 4 to 38 years, died in the attack. Houthi officers came to help rescue any survivors, Al-Maswari said. Saudi al-Alafa, 42, lived with five family members in a home 10 meters from al-Aini’s house. He said that before the house was hit, he had been standing outside, looking up at the sky, because earlier that evening there had been multiple strikes on the neighborhood of al-Hassaba, two to three kilometers away. Later he learned that those strikes had targeted the Interior Ministry, the home of former President Ali Abdullah Saleh, and the Military Police headquarters. As he stood there, he heard a plane and then a whizzing sound, and was thrown against the wall of his house: I smelled smoke and there was dust everywhere, but I didn’t hear the explosion or even realize that it happened right in front of me; I just felt the pressure [from the explosion]. After a few seconds, I started to hear screams from inside my house. Four members of my family were wounded. Al-Alafa said two of his sons and two of his daughters were hurt, but not seriously. Then al-Alafa turned his attention to his neighbors: I ran over to al-Aini’s home to see how I could help. There was sand burying the house up to the second floor. I saw Sobhiya, who’s 50, crawling in the sand. She and her husband, Saleh al-Aini, who’s 60, and a cousin of Hafth, lived in a room on the top floor. She had been thrown from the top floor in the blast, but her husband was still stuck at the top. A neighbor and I helped get him down. Then we came back and started digging, even though we were really scared there might be another strike. We were digging from midnight until 8:30 a.m. Abd al-Khalik Muhammad al-Khamisi, who lived nearby, said that after the attack, he and his family remained in their home, fearing another strike. He watched from the windows as neighbors spent the next nine hours trying to rescue the al-Aini family. Muhammad al-Jalal, 33, a neighbor, said he had helped dig out members of al-Aini family, who seemed to have died instantly: All of them still had food in their mouths. Houria Saad al-Hudiad, al-Aini’s wife, was still holding a glass in one hand and a piece of bread in the other. Finally, at around 8:30 a.m., we were able to get Malak [a 4 year-old] out. She was gasping for breath. She died at the hospital shortly afterward. Al-Jalal had been sitting on a stoop watching children play when the blast struck 20 meters away: I heard a whizzing sound then I saw a bright light. I was so scared – I thought I would die at that moment. I was in shock. There was glass everywhere, bricks smashed, and the metal from the doors of the buildings flying. I ran toward the home of Yahya Yahya al-Asaba, where two men and a boy had been outside the house setting up a small stall that they were hoping to turn into a shop front. I first saw one of them, Yahya – he had lost all the skin on his right arm to the bone. I tried to pick him up around his waist, but my hands went straight through him. He had a big cut in his neck, which we wrapped a scarf around to try to stop the bleeding. Al-Asaba, 35, died that day. Al-Jalal said that 14-year-old Qatin Saleh Al-Rawahi had a metal fragment in his abdomen and his legs seemed to be bent together. He died two days later. Isam Yehya Asabah, 25, was lying a few meters away. He died a week later. All the Old City residents Human Rights Watch interviewed said there were no military targets in the Old City. Those interviewed said that residents do not allow heavy weaponry to be brought into the Old City. The cluster of houses is off the road, so there would be no passing military vehicles. However, during the visit, when a plane flew overhead, researchers heard three bursts of fire from anti-aircraft guns close by." ^[+]